What technologies are “ZEV” candidates?
At the 3g CO2/ton-km limit, it is only a limited number of solutions that
are conceivable, therefore there is a significant technology chasm between even “Low Emission Vehicle”
(LEV) threshold and the “ZEV” one. The technologies that have the capability to attain the “ZEV”
threshold share some similar attributes:
-
All require new fuel/energy infrastructure
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BEV and FCEV require whole new powertrain systems and manufacturing and supply chains
- H2 ICE technologies retain manufacturing assets for internal combustion engines
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All reduce tailpipe CO2 by more than 90%
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All reduce diesel usage by more than 90%
- None can operate on diesel alone (in the absence of electricity or hydrogen)
The 3g CO2/ton-km “ZEV” threshold is not an open door to a myriad of
solutions, it remains a technologically demanding limit while offering the diversity of benefits that
will aid market adoption.
A 3g ZEV threshold is not an open door